Abstract: This paper focuses on the study and analysis of the impact fireworks raw materials, production process, display on the environment, to find out what specific environmental impacts fireworks have, providing new ideas and perspectives on how to solve these impacts. These ideas and perspectives not only have greater positive significance for the fireworks industry, but also developing safety and environmental protection for entire fireworks industry.

Fireworks have been favored by people of all ethnic groups in the world for thousands of years of traditional arts and crafts. Chinese fireworks account for 90% of the total global production and 80% of the total world trade. However, in recent years, as bans spread, the market has shrunk dramatically. Fireworks factory have to improve the product composition structure, product materials, production process, business philosophy and other aspects, and develop safer, more environmentally friendly fireworks products.

1. Fireworks commonly used raw materials are divided into non-chemical materials and chemical raw materials.

Non-chemical materials are mainly related to product packaging, product packaging is usually paper packing, which is renewable resources and will not cause harm to our environment. Chemical raw materials are the main ones that are easy to harm the environment mainly including Potassium perchlorate, industrial strontium carbonate, industrial barium nitrate, industrial potassium nitrate and other oxidants. Sulfur, charcoal, aluminum powder, aluminum magnesium alloy powder, iron powder and other reducing agents.

2. The impact of fireworks commonly used raw materials on the environment.

Since the born of fireworks, after thousands of years of continuous improvement and innovation, diversified chemical agents have been used on fireworks .It will mainly have the following impacts on the environment:

1. Setting off fireworks causes noise pollution.
2. Air pollution, resulting in high PM2.5.
3. Incomplete combustion of charcoal and solid residues in fireworks will cause damage to the soil and thus lead to environmental pollution.

3. How to effectively reduce the impact of fireworks on the environment

1. research and development of environmental protection raw materials. Increase investment in research and development to improve the chemical formulation of fireworks raw materials, especially the development of sulfur-free chemicals.  For example, instead of using sulfur in firecracker fuses, only charcoal powder and low-potassium production are used to reduce harmful gas emissions.

1. Eliminate the use of non-degradable substances. Do not add bulking agents, and do not add foam spacers to the composition of fireworks to reduce the impact of solid residues on the environment.

1. Choose high-quality raw materials. Use environmentally friendly paper and raw materials to reduce smoke and dust from combustion.

1. Strictly control the powder quantity of individual products.GBl063-2013 International standards require that Class B, C and D sound levels be S110 dB and Class A products be S120 dB, and there are clear requirements for the location of the display. As long as the strict compliance with the standard requirements of the regulations, the sound effect and visual effect is definitely not noise, but a joyful and pleasant sound.

1. Optimize manufacturing skills. Increase the mechanical production push wide, clean out after the jig manufacturing skills.

1. The use of prohibited substances is strongly discouraged. From the chemical materials commonly used in fireworks, we know that the main gases produced are sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and other harmful gases. We know that the main gases produced are harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, lead compounds, mercury compounds, arsenic compounds, titanium, and incompletely burned charcoal and solid residues. Most of these are not allowed. These harmful substances must be banned at the time of production and city fireworks are required to be made with sulfur-free, smoke-free agents.

Although the production and burning of fireworks have a certain impact on the environment, their impact on the environment is entirely controllable. The total annual consumption of pyrotechnic chemicals in the country is about 200,000 tons, and the total amount of PM2.5 produced is about 400,000 tons, which is about 1.5 million tons. The total amount of PM2.5 produced is about 400,000 tons, which is about the total amount of PM2.5 produced by the burning of 60 billion cigarettes. In recent years, the environmental impact of fireworks has been reduced with the successful development of micro-smoke fuses, micro-smoke pearls, and micro-smoke sulfur-free agents.  As long as the fireworks industry continues to develop more environmentally friendly products at the technical level and develop scientifically sound environmental standards, the goal of non-toxic, odorless, slag-free, and smoke-free fireworks can definitely be achieved.

Reference：

Jie L. & Bingxiang T. (2020). Analysis of the Impact of Fireworks Raw Materials on the Environment. Fireworks Technology and market, 104(3), pp. 13-15

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